Which Methods of Equipment Lubrication Work Best?

Good lubrication can effectively prevent abnormal wear of the friction pair of equipment, prevent lubricating oil leakage, prevent impurities and foreign matter into the friction pair surface, so as to prevent the reliability of mechanical equipment and the occurrence of lubrication failure, improve equipment productivity, reduce equipment operating costs and maintenance costs.  

Lubrication in 6 ways  

1. Manual lubrication  

Manual lubrication is one of the most common and simplest methods.  Generally, the oil gun of the equipment is used to fuel the oil hole and nozzle.  After the oil is injected into the oil hole, the dual surface along the friction pair is not uniform because of the amount of lubricating oil, discontinuous, no pressure and rely on the operator's consciousness and reliability, so it is only suitable for low-speed, light load and intermittent work parts and parts, such as open and infrequently used rough machinery.  

2. drop oil lubrication  

Oil drop lubrication is mainly oil drop type oil cup lubrication, it depends on the weight of oil to the lubrication parts, simple structure, easy to use.  Its disadvantage is that the amount of oil is not easy to control, mechanical vibration, low temperature will change the amount of oil drops.  

3. splash lubrication  

Splash lubrication is the use of high-speed rotating parts or additional oil slingplate, oil slingplate into droplets to supply oil to friction pairs, mainly used for closed gear pairs and crankshaft bearings.  The oil groove can also lead part of the spilled lubricating oil to the bearing for lubrication.  

The circumcircumference speed of the parts or accessories should not exceed 12.5m/s during splash lubrication, otherwise it will produce a lot of foam and deterioration.  Equipment vents should be installed to enhance the convection of air inside and outside the tank to indicate the oil level.  

4. oil rope, oil pad lubrication  

This lubrication method is to dip the oil rope, pad or foam plastic in oil and use the siphon effect of capillary to supply oil.  The oil rope and oil pad themselves can play a filtration role, so that the oil can be kept clean and the oil supply is continuous and uniform.  

Its disadvantage is that the amount of oil is not easy to adjust, in addition, when the water in the oil more than 0.5%, the oil line will stop supplying oil.  The other oil rope should not contact with the moving surface, so as not to be involved between the friction surface.  In order to make the amount of oil evenly, the oil level in the oil cup should be kept at 3/4 of the full height of the oil rope, and the lowest should be more than 1/3.  It is used in low and medium speed machines.  

5. oil ring, oil chain lubrication  

This lubrication method is only used for horizontal shafts, such as fans, motors, machine tools and other spindles.  The method is very simple and relies on a ring or chain attached to the shaft to carry the oil from the oil pool to the shaft.  This method is reliable if a certain oil level can be maintained in the oil pool.  

The oil ring is best made into a whole, in order to facilitate assembly can also be made into a piece, but not to impede rotation.  The diameter of the oil ring is generally 1.5 ~ 2 times larger than the shaft, usually using rectangular oil feed, can be several ring groove on the inner surface of the car;  When the amount of oil is less, it is best to use lubrication for the horizontal shaft with the speed of 50 ~ 3000r/min. If the speed is too high, the amount of oil with the ring will be insufficient when the speed is too low, and even the oil ring will not rotate with the shaft.  

The oil chain has a large contact area with the shaft and oil, so it can rotate with the shaft and lift more oil at low speed.  Therefore, oil chain lubrication is most suitable for low-speed machinery.  At high speed, the oil is violently agitated, the chain is easily disjointed, so it is not suitable for high speed machinery.  

6. Forced lubrication  

Forced oil feeding lubrication is the pump to send the oil pressure to the lubrication part, because the oil with pressure to the lubrication part can overcome the centrifugal force generated on the surface of the rotating parts, so the oil is rich, the lubrication effect is good, and the cooling effect is good.  

Compared with other methods, the lubrication method of forced oil feeding is easier to control and the size of oil supply is more reliable.  Therefore, it is widely used in large, heavy, high speed, precision, automation of all kinds of mechanical equipment.  Forced lubrication can be divided into three types: total loss lubrication, circulation lubrication and concentrated lubrication.  

(1) Full loss lubrication.  

This lubrication refers to a lubrication mode in which the lubricating oil through the friction pair is no longer recycled.  It is used for the lubrication point of various equipment with less oil, and often through the movement of machinery or motor driven plunger pump from the oil pool to the oil pressure to the lubrication point, oil supply is intermittent, flow by the plunger stroke to adjust, slow a few minutes to send a drop of oil, fast every second to send a few drops.  It can be used for individual lubrication, or several pumps can be combined for centralized lubrication.  

(2) Circulation lubrication.  

This lubrication is the hydraulic pump from the fuselage oil pool to the lubrication parts, after the lubrication parts of the oil and reflux to the fuselage oil pool and circulation.  

(3) Centralized lubrication.  

Centralized lubrication is the supply of oil from a central tank to several lubricating parts.  It is mainly used for mechanical equipment with a large number of lubrication points or even the whole workshop or factory.  This method can not only be manually operated, but also automatically deliver the right amount of lubricating oil.  

The advantages of centralized lubrication are:  Can connect many parts, can adapt to the change of the lubrication part, can accurately assign lubricant, easy to realize automatic production of all kinds of machinery, machine can realize prelubricated before starting, can control the lubricant flow state or the entire process of lubrication, simplify the maintenance, when the lubricant in mechanical deficiency or centralized lubrication system failure occurs, can make the mechanical parking.